Humanin

Research Only

Mitochondrial Peptides · Neuroprotection

Humanin is a 24-amino acid mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) that plays protective roles against Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, and age-related decline.

What is Humanin?

Humanin is a 24-amino acid mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) that plays protective roles against Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, and age-related decline. It is one of the most studied MDPs and its levels naturally decline with age, correlating with age-related disease onset.

Also known as: HN, HNG (S14G-Humanin)

How Does Humanin Work?

Binds to IGFBP-3, BAX, and the CNTFR/gp130/WSXR trimeric receptor complex. Inhibits apoptosis in neurons, protects against amyloid-beta toxicity, improves insulin sensitivity, and reduces oxidative stress. Functions as an endogenous cytoprotective factor.

What is Humanin Used For?

Neuroprotection
Cardiovascular protection
Anti-aging
Insulin sensitization

Potential Side Effects

Limited human data
Injection site irritation

Contraindications

Pregnancy
Active cancer

FDA Legal Status

United States — FDA

Research Only

This peptide is currently investigational and not approved for clinical use.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Humanin?

Humanin is a peptide produced by mitochondrial DNA — one of only a handful of known mitochondria-derived peptides. It was discovered while studying Alzheimer's-resistant brain tissue. It declines with age and appears to play a key protective role against neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.

Quick Facts

Legal Status (USA): Research Only
Evidence Rating: CPreliminary Evidence (Mostly Preclinical)
Class / Subclass: Mitochondrial Peptides / Neuroprotection
Administration: subcutaneous
Typical Dosage: 1-5mg daily (experimental)
Year Discovered: 2001

Sources

PubMed 11270504

Last updated: 2026-04-01

Sources & references

Primary sources used for the dosing, mechanism, side-effect, and regulatory claims on this page. Verify time-sensitive information (regulatory status, prescribing details) on the source before relying on it for medical decisions. See our disclaimer.

PubMed PMID 11270504 — peer-reviewed primary literature on Humanin.
FDA Federal Register — official notice record for FDA regulatory actions and Category 1 / 503A bulk-substance updates.